220 Enfermedad de Superficie Ocular y Glaucoma CONCLUSIÓN El glaucoma y la enfermedad de superficie ocular son dos enfermedades que tienden a aumentar su incidencia con la edad, y, por lo tanto, es común encontrar pacientes con ambas condiciones. Es importante reconocer esta interacción, ya que las drogas antiglaucomatosas pueden ser la causa de la alteración de la superficie ocular, o el deterioro de una enfermedad aún subclínica, y es precisamente, la aparición de síntomas que puede provocar el tratamiento antiglaucomatoso, una de las principales causas de abandono o incumplimiento. Actualmente el especialista en glaucoma, debe saber reconocer la enfermedad de superficie ocular, identificar sus causas, y elegir la mejor manera de controlar o solucionar la sintomatología. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 1. Pflugfelder SC, de Paiva CS. The pathophysiology of dry eye disease: What we know and future directions for research. Ophthalmology. 2017;124(11S):S4–S13. 2. Ramli N, Supramaniam G, Samsudin A, Juana A, Zahari M, Choo MM. Ocular surface disease in glaucoma: Effect of polypharmacy and preservatives. Optom Vis Sci. 2015;92(9):e222–6. 3. Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90(3):262–267. 4. Methodologies to diagnose and monitor dry eye disease: Report of the diagnostic methodology subcommittee of the international dry eye WorkShop (2007) Ocul Surf. 2007;5(2):108–152. 5. Rossi GC, Scudeller L, Rolle T, Pasinetti GM, Bianchi PE. From benzalkonium chloride-preserved latanoprost to polyquad-preserved travoprost: A 6-month study on ocular surface safety and tolerability. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2015;14(5):619–623. 6. Jaenen N, Baudouin C, Pouliquen P, Manni G, Figueiredo A, Zeyen T. Ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservativefree glaucoma medications. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007;17(3):341–349. 7. Anwar Z, Wellik SR, Galora A. Glaucoma therapy and ocular surface disease: Current literature and recommendations. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2013;24(2):136–143. 8. Pisella PJ, Debbasch C, Hamard P, et al. Conjunctival proinflammatory and proapoptotic effects of latanoprost and preserved and unpreserved timolol: An ex vivo and in vitro study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45(5):1360–1368. 9. Broadway D, Hitchings R, Grierson I. Topical antiglaucomatous therapy: Adverse effects on the conjunctiva and implications for filtration surgery. J Glaucoma. 1995;4(2):136. 10. Johnson DH, Yoshikawa K, Brubaker RF, Hodge DO. The effect of long-term medical therapy on the outcome of filtration surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 1994;117(2):139–148. 11. Skalicky SE, Goldberg I, McCluskey P. Ocular surface disease and quality of life in patients with glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153(1):1–9.e2. 12. Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, Johnson CA, Keltner JL, Miller JP, Parrish RK, 2nd, Wilson MR, Gordon MO. The ocular hypertension treatment study: A randomized trial determines that topical ocular hypotensive medication delays or prevents the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2002;120(6):701–13. 13. Baudouin C, Labbe A, Liang H, Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F. Preservatives in eyedrops: The good, the bad and the ugly. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2010;29(4):312–334. 14. Mocan MC, Uzunosmanoglu E, Kocabeyoglu S, Karakaya J, Irkec M. The association of chronic topical prostaglandin analog use with meibomian gland dysfunction. J Glaucoma. 2016. 15. Arita R, Itoh K, Maeda S, et al. Comparison of the long-term effects of various topical antiglaucoma medications on meibomian glands. Cornea. 2012;31(11):1229–1234. 16. Thygesen J, Aaen K, Theodorsen F, Kessing SV, Prause JU. Short-term effect of latanoprost and timolol eye drops on tear fluid and the ocular surface in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2000;78(1):37–44.
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